Glucosamine is a key building block of cartilage that is derived from the sugar glucose, the main sugar found circulating in the blood stream. Cartilage, a “connective tissue,” is composed of cells (chondrocytes), protein fibers (chiefly collagen) and clusters of complex molecules called “proteoglycans.” A proteoglycan consists of a long protein (polypeptide) with many side chains attached to it. (The structure of proteoglycan looks somewhat like a test-tube brush.) The attached side chains are Polysaccharides-chiefly CHONDROITIN SULFATE and keratin sulfate. Glucosamine is a key component of keratin sulfate. Glucosamine is also a component of hyaluronic acid, another glycosaminoglycan found in cartilage and other connective tissues. Hyaluronic acid forms the backbone for the proteoglycan clusters. Glycosaminoglycans have a strong attraction for water. The water-holding ability of proteoglycan clusters to hold water gives cartilage its strong, sponge-like quality. It also allows nutrients to flow into cartilage and wastes to flow out. Glucosamine is concentrated in joint cartilage and stimulates chondrocytes (cartilage cells) to support cartilage and collagen. It enters the joint space and is incorporated into proteoglycans. These are cells that form large structures and attract water to the joint space for lubrication of cartilage during movement.
Glucosamine (and chondroitin) are known as chondroprotective agents. Chondroprotective agents are natural compounds the body produces to maintain cartilage and promote healthy joint function. Chondroprotective agents work by supporting and maintaining joint fluid levels to promote lubrication. In addition, glucosamine and chondroitin combat harmful free radical enzymes that may damage joint cartilage, as well as promote healthy blood vessels that lead to the joint.
Glucosamine sulfate is one the most important nutritional supplements for joint health ever developed. Glucosamine sulfate provides significant benefits for both the structure and function of joints. Many years of research have produced unequivocal evidence that glucosamine sulfate normalizes cartilage metabolism, slows breakdown of cartilage, and improves joint function.
Glucosamine sulfate has been thoroughly researched over the last 20 years. Experimental studies and human clinical trials convincingly demonstrate that orally consumed glucosamine sulfate improves joint function.
The effectiveness of glucosamine sulfate for joint health has been shown in double-blind, placebo-controlled research. One study compared glucosamine sulfate to “ibuprofen,” a commonly used pain medication, over an eight week period. During the first two weeks, better results were seen with ibuprofen, but by the eighth week, glucosamine sulfate produced greater improvements in pain scores.
Applications:
It has important physiological functions to human body :
1.Participate in kidney and liver detoxify, play anti-inflammatory protect liver function.
2.Treatment for rheumatoid joint inflammation and stomach ulcers.
3.Synthetic antibiotics and cancer drugs in the main raw material.
4.Its application in the food cosmetics and feed additives.
5.Stimulate baby Peter bowel bacteria growth.
6.Synthetic water-soluble cancer drugs with chlorine urea.
7.To promote human body polysaccharide synthetic, improve the slip joint of the liquid viscous, improve the metabolism of articular cartilage.
8.Can inhibit the growth of cells,is the main raw material for the synthesis of antibiotics and anticancer drugs.
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