The geoduck and horse clam license holders of British Columbia, Canada founded the UHA in 1981. The UHA membership includes most participants in the fishery, namely the 55 licence holders, crew members from harvesting vessels, and all of the major wholesalers of geoduck in British Columbia.
UHA members are a progressive group actively involved in the management of their fishery. This Canadian West Coast fishery is a co-management success story.
Initially, the UHA contracted an independent company to carry out a geoduck dockside monitoring program in 1989 to provide the financially strapped Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) with data from the fishery. This monitoring program was an essential component of the switch to an individual quota (IQ) fishery. Since then, the UHA has voluntarily expanded their role in co-management. The UHA now pays for a large percentage of the entire management cost of their fishery. UHA funding, which comes from annual membership fees paid by each license holder, provides money for numerous programs.
The co-management program consists of; providing monitoring assistance to the DFO, funding biologists, providing enhancement activities, and participating in policy oriented activities. Firstly, the UHA provides DFO with personnel and assistance to collect survey data and conduct geoduck life history research. Secondly, the contract with Archipelago Marine Research Ltd. (www.archipelago.bc.ca)initiated by the UHA in 1989 to monitor the fishery has expanded. This program ensures that 100% of all geoduck landed are validated by an independent port monitor and includes on grounds fisheries observers for 90% of the fishery, and the collection of numerous samples. Thirdly, the UHA funds four full time biologists (two consultants and four DFO positions), a number of part-time consultants, and pays for extensive PSP testing. Fourthly, and most recently, the UHA has invested in its future by initiating a long-term enhancement program in which seed (hatchery raised juvenile geoducks) are planted and monitored to augment wild populations and ensure a viable long-term fishery. Finally, members of the UHA also participate in a number of steering committees and advisory groups in order to communicate with DFO and assist with management decisions. Aside from these activities the UHA also participates in other aspects of co-management as situations arise and in generic marketing of geoduck from Canada.
The UHA's commitments are mutually beneficial to the resource, the industry and the DFO. They ensure that DFO has the tools and information to manage the geoduck clam fishery. Co-management also decreases the burden on the Canadian tax payer because unlike most fisheries, funds for the operation of the fishery come primarily from industry. This progressive fishery has evolved into a model for the development of other co-managed fisheries. The UHA is a founding member of the B.C. Seafood Alliance.
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